Traditional Culture Research Articles

Systematic literature review on the nexus of food waste, food loss and cultural background

PurposeThe present paper aims to reveal how different cultures, as reflected by cultural norms, traditions, and social expectations, influence food waste behaviour in different regions of the world.Design/methodology/approachA systematic multifaceted literature review was employed as a main research tool.FindingsThe focal role of education and awareness campaigns in reducing household food waste and promoting responsible food consumption behaviours is revealed. The importance of guilt, behavioural control, negative attitudes towards leftovers, and social norms are among the most important factors predicting intentions to reduce food waste. Cultural beliefs significantly shape food attitudes and waste. Tailoring sustainable practices to traditions helps to ensure food security. Embracing cultural diversity can lead to the development of effective and sustainable food consumption patterns across different parts of the world.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper fully devoted to revealing how different cultural backgrounds shape food consumption habits and which marketing strategies aiming to nudge positive changes in responsible food consumption are preferred in different cultural contexts.

ANEKA DISRUPSI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB DI PONDOK PESANTREN

<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Islamic boarding schools, as traditional Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia, play a central role in preserving and promoting Islamic religious and cultural traditions. One of the important elements of education in Islamic boarding schools is the teaching of Arabic. Arabic is not only a means of understanding the teachings of Islam but also a gateway to the rich intellectual heritage of the Islamic world. This qualitative research uses open questionnaires as a data collection technique. The questionnaires were distributed to Arabic teachers in seven Islamic boarding schools in Situbondo. The results cite the strengths of Islamic boarding schools in the form of their long-standing tradition of teaching Arabic and Islamic culture, the presence of knowledgeable teachers, a focus on memorizing the Quran, and a communal learning environment. However, weaknesses in the traditional curriculum may overlook practical aspects such as the use of digital technology in Arabic language learning in the modern world. To improve Arabic language learning in Islamic boarding schools, it is important to address the practical aspects of the language, maximize opportunities for collaboration and adoption of technology, and address challenges such as cultural and social change and competition from formal educational institutions offering Arabic language instruction.</em></p>

Apple Fruit Disease Classification using Naive Bayes Algorithm

Apples are one of the most productive varieties of fruit in the world, with a high nutritional and medicinal value. However, numerous diseases affect apple production on a wide scale, resulting in significant economic losses. These diseases often go overlooked until just before, after, or after fruit has been processed. Many pathogens can be avoided with cultural traditions and (optional) fungicides, even if there are no cures for tainted fruit. However, accurate diagnosis is essential for determining the right management practices and preventing further losses. Apple scab, apple rot, and apple blotch are some of the most prevalent diseases that affect apples. The proposed approach will greatly aid in the automated identification and classification of apple diseases, according to our test results. We discovered that normal apples were easy to discern from diseased apples in our trial, and that the texture-based GLCM function produced more reliable results for apple disease classification, with a classification accuracy of more than 96.43 percent. This demonstrates that combining the GLCM extraction function with naive bayes classification will greatly improve accuracy. Key Words: Naive bayes, Apple Diseases, Classifier

From Aristocrat to Religionist: Kyai Pati and Islamic Renaissance in 16th-Century Semarang

Semarang is a city with a sizeable Muslim population in Central Java Province, Indonesia. In 2022, the Muslim population in Semarang will reach 87.38%, and this indicates that the role of the Muslim community in various areas of life cannot be underestimated. Reading the history of Islamization in Semarang, a unique name will emerge: Wasis Jaya Kusuma, known as Kyai Pati; this figure is a symbol of concrete identity change in the life of traditional Javanese society in the 16th century. This change occurred because of his bitter life experience, being defeated in the war against the Islamic Mataram Kingdom under the leadership of Panembahan Senopati. Finally, he changed from being a nobleman to becoming a religionist who devoted himself to the people of the South Semarang area. This life story is a humanitarian phenomenon that is important to reflect from a global perspective that war can change a person's identity. Advantage or disadvantage, this change in identity has placed someone like Kyai Pati in a respected position; through the path of Syiar, he has become an essential part of the history of Islamization in Semarang.

Research on Dunhuang Burial Practices: “One and Diverse”: Dunhuang Murals in Gansu as an Example

As an important junction on the ancient Silk Road in China, Dunhuang's historical remains reflect the social order, social life, and social values of that time. To study the funeral customs and concepts in ancient Dunhuang, this paper analyzed the funeral customs by examining Dunhuang murals and a substantial amount of literature searching related essays online. In particular, the text compares and relates the funeral practices of ethnic minorities and the Han Chinese. It is found that the evolution of funeral customs in Dunhuang reflects the characteristics of the concept of all-in-one pluralism, representing a unified approach to diversity and inclusion. In this region of Dunhuang, the funeral customs observed include not only those derived from Taoism and Confucianism, which were the dominant religious traditions among the Han Chinese, but also those derived from Zoroastrianism, which was practiced by the ethnic minorities, as well as from exotic forms of Buddhism. This means that different regions and religions constantly fused and were absorbed into one another in Dunhuang, eventually becoming part of the excellent traditional Chinese culture. This demonstrates that different cultures can exist within a given practice, not only without mutual exclusion but also by displaying different characteristics.

“Imagine, maths is used anywhere, and we don’t get to know this”—upper secondary students and the relevance of advanced mathematics

People are more motivated to put effort into learning when they know they will be able to put the learnt content to use. These relevance perceptions play a motivating role in the learning of mathematics, a subject renowned for its abstraction, hard examinations, and usefulness in many fields in society (research, industries, etc.). In this article, we describe a study on upper secondary students in an advanced mathematics course and their perception of the relevance of mathematics in future professions, in particular regarding two concepts in their curriculum (logarithms, trigonometry). We defined relevance as a connection between an object (relevance of what?), a subject (relevant for whom?), an asserter (relevant according to whom?), and a purpose (relevant to what end?). The aim of the study was to know (1) what relevance perceptions students held regarding the advanced abstract mathematical concepts, and (2) how students can develop these considering that students do not yet know exactly what future is ahead of them. We interviewed pairs of students (n = 14, 17–19 years old) in two parts. The first part of the interview revealed that students learned mathematics within a traditional school culture that emphasized practice-and-drill of pure mathematics and that did not in any way inform students about the use of mathematics in research and workplaces. After exposing students to authentic applications of logarithms and trigonometry, the second part of the interview showed the power of imagination when it connected students to future professions for which mathematics was relevant. Instrumental in effectively prompting students’ imagination were visualizations showing applications of the mathematical concepts within workplace contexts. Drawing on Leont’ev’s version of Activity Theory, we theorize students’ assertions of the relevance of mathematics through the dialectics of self and collective (relating one’s own goals and more general motives), the dialectics of use-value and exchange-value (needing mathematics for later life or for examinations), and the dialectics of mathematization and de-mathematization (while mathematics is used in many workplaces, it is hidden in instruments).

Analysis of the Causes of the Formation of the “Involution” of Chinese Family Education

Starting from the influence of Chinese traditional reading culture on contemporary Chinese family education, this paper analyzes the reasons for the formation of the “involution” of Chinese family education. The involution means to have fierce competition but no good feedbacks. This study found that the objective reasons include China's national education policy, and the subjective reasons come from the current family education; there are problems such as incomplete awareness of parents' education, lack of educational ability, education comparison and so on. It is proposed that the correct values and competition views should be cultivated among family members so that parents can take the initiative to break the barriers of education and promote the all-around development and healthy growth of children. This article focuses on the role of family education and the educational methods to prevent “involution”, which may provide another way for China's family education.

Analyzing Neuroarchitecture to Enhance User Experience in Sacred Spaces

This paper explores the analysis of neuroarchitecture principles to enhance the user experience in sacred spaces, aiming to deepen spiritual engagement, emotional resonance, and overall well-being. Sacred paces play a pivotal role in human societies, serving as places for worship, contemplation, and community gathering. By integrating insights from neuroscience into architectural design, it is possible to optimize spatial layouts, sensory stimuli, and environmental factors to foster a deeper sense of connection, tranquility, and spiritual fulfillment. Through a multidisciplinary approach encompassing neuroscience, architecture, and environmental psychology, this research examines the impact of architectural elements on neural processes and subjective experiences within sacred environments. Case studies of sacred spaces from diverse cultural and religious traditions are analyzed to elucidate effective design strategies and best practices. The effectiveness of neuroarchitecture principles in enhancing the user experience and promoting a sense of connection, reverence, and transcendence in sacred environments is assessed through empirical studies and user feedback. The findings highlight the potential of neuroarchitecture to enrich the design of sacred spaces, offering insights that contribute to the creation of environments that inspire awe, foster contemplation, and deepen the human spirit.

Involvement as a Preventive Attitude towards Owned Culture

Preserving traditional cultures amidst modernization is a pressing concern that requires effective strategies engaging all generations within the community. This paper examines the importance of proactive involvement in safeguarding traditional cultures, focusing on the unique art tradition of the Alifuru tribe. Using a qualitative approach with a phenomenological lens, the study analyzes the Alifuru tribe’s approach to preventive involvement, especially among the youth, to ensure their cultural heritage endures. Preventive involvement targets young individuals during traditional events to counteract the perception of these practices as outdated. By incorporating art into rituals and entertainment, the community’s cohesion and connection are enhanced. The paper highlights that preserving traditional culture demands continuous regeneration, with the participation of both older and younger members being pivotal. Elders serve as mentors, displaying their artistic expertise as guides, while the younger generation takes on the role of students and successors in the cultural arts. The findings stress the profound impact of proactive involvement on knowledge transmission, particularly in the arts. The reciprocal proactivity between generations fosters an environment conducive to absorbing knowledge and preserving culture. Through a preventive approach, the Alifuru tribe effectively sustains their heritage while allowing for meaningful evolution. In summary, this study underscores the crucial role of preventive involvement in upholding traditional cultures. The Alifuru tribe’s approach, driven by the proactive collaboration of older and younger members, demonstrates the potential of intergenerational synergy. By embracing their art tradition and adopting a preventive cultural attitude, the Alifuru tribe navigates modernization’s challenges while ensuring a lasting cultural legacy. Keywords: involvement, preventive, traditional art, Alifuru culture

Malang Mask Puppet Aesthetic Revitalization Entitled "Sodo Lanang Competition"

This research aims to revitalize the mask puppet show titled “Sayembara Sada Lanang” performed by the Malang mask puppet artist group at the Asmorobangun hermitage. The traditional Malang mask puppet show has been staged for quite a long time, 2 - 3 hours. During performances, puppeteers rely on memory skills and perform verbally or directly without using a written script, thus the length of the performance depends on the puppeteer. This research follows a qualitative approach, utilizing observation, interviews, and document analysis as research methods. The research findings reveal that the revitalization of the “Sayembara Sada Lanang” mask puppet performance involved reducing its duration from 2 to 3 hours to just 7 minutes. The revitalization carried out is a revitalization of local wisdom which seeks to reintroduce traditional culture to the general public, especially children. So that children get to know traditional cultures that are almost extinct. The duration of the show is 7 minutes by reconstructing the structure of the show, without changing the essence of the story. The The play’s story structure unfolds in stages, beginning with exposition, followed by complication, climax, and resolution. Additionally, the title features three types of characters: protagonist, antagonist, and tritagonist. Keywords: revitalization, aesthetics, wayang mask

Determinants of perceived benefits: cultural recognition, traditions and cultural linkages

PurposeThe present study addresses the literature gap on cultural linkages, traditions, cultural recognition and the perceived benefits of consumers in the orange economy. The article focuses on analyzing the impact of traditions and cultural linkages on the relationship between cultural recognition and the perceived benefits of consumers.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical study is conducted on a sample of 393 consumers from the city of Arequipa, Peru utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM) with Smart PLS software.FindingsThe research results demonstrate that traditions and cultural ties are important factors that entrepreneurs must consider in the production and marketing process to enhance the benefits perceived by consumers by providing cultural identity within the products.Originality/valueThe study provides theoretical implications that fill the existing gap in understanding the relationship between cultural recognition and perceived benefits. Additionally, it offers practical implications for the development of the cultural ecosystem, involving artisans, artists, cultural managers, entrepreneurs, businessmen, government authorities, non-governmental organizations and international organizations.

A sweet burden? The effect of bride prices on parents' health

AbstractThe bride price, as an informal institution originated from traditional culture, is pervasive in many areas of the developing world in a form of a payment from the family of the groom to that of the bride at marriage. We study the effects of bride price on parents' health in China. Using information on bride price payment and various health measures from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, we find that the bride price significantly reduces self‐reported health among the grooms' parents after addressing the endogeneity issue with average sex ratio within a family computed as an instrumental variable. The reductions are heterogenous across urban and rural areas. Mechanism analysis suggests the negative health outcomes are driven by family debt, heavier psychological stress and longer work hours caused by bride price payments.

Rethinking Consanguineous Marriages in a Diasporic Setting: A Case Study of ar-Rashidiyya Kinship Community in Germany

This article explores the changing landscape of consanguineous marriages among Germany's ar-Rashidiyya community, originally from Turkey's Mardin province. The study employs ethnographic methods to understand how younger members are questioning entrenched marital norms, influenced by factors like migration, education, familial conflicts, individualism, and health concerns. Challenging misconceptions linking these practices to ‘clan crime,’ the article delves into the nuanced relationship between cultural tradition and individual agency. It concludes that consanguineous marriages within the community are no longer rigid practices, but are becoming increasingly adaptable due to both internal community dynamics and wider societal influences.

Utilizing stem cell-secreted molecules as a versatile toolbox for skin regenerative medicine

Stem cells are recognized as an important target and tool in regenerative engineering. In this study, we explored the feasibility of engineering amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cell-secreted molecules (afMSC-SMs) as a versatile bioactive material for skin regenerative medicine applications in a time- and cost-efficient and straightforward manner. afMSC-SMs, obtained in powder form through ethanol precipitation, effectively contributed to preserving the self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential of primary human keratinocytes (pKCs) in a xeno-free environment, offering a potential alternative to traditional culture methods for their long-term in vitro expansion, and allowed them to reconstitute a fully stratified epithelium sheet on human dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, we demonstrated the flexibility of afMSC-SMs in wound healing and hair regrowth through injectable hydrogel and nanogel-mediated transdermal delivery systems, respectively, expanding the pool of regenerative applications. This cell-free approach may offer several potential advantages, including streamlined manufacturing processes, scalability, controlled formulation, longer shelf lives, and mitigation of risks associated with living cell transplantation. Accordingly, afMSC-SMs could serve as a promising therapeutic toolbox for advancing cell-free regenerative medicine, simplifying their broad applicability in various clinical settings.

Clinical application value of metagenome next-generation sequencing in pulmonary diffuse exudative lesions: a retrospective study

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the clinical application value of Metagenome Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS) for pulmonary diffuse exudative lesions.MethodsFrom January 1, 2014, to November 31, 2021, 136 cases with chest radiologic presentations of pulmonary diffuse exudative lesions admitted to Fujian Provincial Hospital were included in the study; of those, 77 patients underwent mNGS pathogen detection. Based on the pathogen detection outcomes and clinical diagnoses, patients were categorized into an infection group (IG) and a non-infection group (NIG). A comparison was made between the diagnostic efficacy of the mNGS technique and traditional culture methods. Meanwhile, 59 patients clinically identified as having infectious pulmonary diffuse exudative lesions but who did not receive mNGS testing were designated as the non-NGS infection group (non-IG). A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients in both the IG and non-IG, with a 30-day all-cause mortality endpoint used for follow-up.OutcomesWhen compared to conventional culture methods, mNGS demonstrated an approximate 35% increase in sensitivity (80.0% vs 45.5%, P<0.001), without significant disparity in specificity (77.3% vs 95.5%, P=0.185). Under antibiotic exposure, the positivity rate detected by mNGS was notably higher than that by traditional culture methods, indicating that mNGS is less affected by exposure to antibiotics (P<0.05). Within 30 days, the all-cause mortality rate for patients in the IG versus the non-IG was 14.55% and 37.29%, respectively (P<0.05). Following a COX regression analysis to adjust for confounding factors, the analysis revealed that a CURB-65 score ≥3 points (HR=3.348, P=0.001) and existing cardiovascular disease (HR=2.473, P=0.026) were independent risk factors for these patients. Conversely, mNGS testing (HR=0.368, P=0.017) proved to be an independent protective factor.ConclusionmNGS technology makes it easier to pinpoint the cause of pulmonary diffuse infectious exudative lesions without much interference from antibiotics, helping doctors spot and diagnose these issues early on, thereby playing a key role in helping them decide the best treatment approach for patients. Such conclusions may have a bias, as the performance of traditional methods might be underestimated due to the absence of complete results from other conventional diagnostic techniques like serological testing and PCR.

Impact of Perception, Satisfaction, and Penetration Rate of Commercial Cultural Tourism on the Sustainable Development of Intangible Cultural Heritage: A Case Study of Xijiang Miao Village in China

The scarcity of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) has prompted many countries to apply it for the development of commercial cultural tourism (CCT). Owing to its traditional culture-centered development model, a contradiction arises between commercial development and traditional cultural protection. Whether the advantages of traditional culture outweigh the disadvantages or the disadvantages outweigh the advantages has also been debated. Results and discussions of the research in this paper are helpful to consider the commercialization of ICH rationally and promote the balance between CCT and the sustainable development of ICH. This paper selects a successful example of cultural tourism of ethnic minorities in China, namely, Xijiang Miao Village. The village has 15 Chinese national-level ICH projects and has successfully applied ICH for cultural tourism development. The questionnaire was designed and distributed in the region by referring to previous research results. IBM SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0 were used to verify and analyze the questionnaire data. Commercial tourism has been a new path for the innovative development of traditional culture, an inevitable trend. CCT can not only increase the enthusiasm for the dissemination of ICH but also increase the intensity of the excavation, protection, and utilization of ICH. The development of tourism has stimulated the development of the local economy. As far as it is concerned, CCT has brought more advantages than disadvantages for the sustainable development of ICH.

SHIVARAPATNA STONE CRAFT IN KARNATAKA - EXPLORING THE TRANSFORMATIVE ROLE OF INNOVATION IN TRADITIONAL HANDICRAFT AND CULTURAL IDENTITY

Handicraft sector is one of the most sustainable product sectors, because of the consumption of untreated raw materials received unswervingly from the nature. In many developing countries like India, there are a large number of livelihoods depending on handicraft business with an anticipated 17.79 million artisans associated with the sector in the year 2022. The previous studies indicate the relation between the handicrafts and innovation is both controversial and imperative. It is suggested that the sector must undergo incremental innovation for growth and survival in the present times. On contrary there are studies which dispute, considering cultural traditions as barriers to innovation. Innovation may be introduced in the technologies aiding to create the craft. While bringing innovation within the craft techniques and product creation might hinder its cultural identity. Innovation being one of the prime keyword of the 9th goal of the SDGs, the goal of this research is to study how introducing innovation in cultural craft production affects the identity of the traditional handicraft. For the findings, rapid ethnography was performed for the exquisite Shivarapatna stone craft. The craft uses ancient knowledge of Shilpashashtra to hand-craft the intricate Hindu idol statues from granite, and the associated community and the craftsmen are situated in the Kolar district of Karnataka, India. An experiment will be conducted to diversify the stone made craft products to analyse the outcome. The representational difference of the traditional craft products and the innovative craft products are then compared and presented with images. In addition to the comparative analysis, methodology also focuses on the descriptive approach in the handicraft.

Symbolism of Sacred Art in Water Conduits

Nepal is a country with abundance of traditional art, architecture and culture. Almost every monument comprises faith, belief, devotion and sacredness which are initiated to be expressed through symbolic representation. Historicity of water conduit of Kathmandu valley can be traced back to early Cristian Era. They were installed to fulfill basic need of water. Flowing water is compared to goddess Ganga. Thus, every water conduit is equated to goddess Ganga with depiction of a crocodile, her vehicle. Cent percent water conduits of the valley consists of sculptural art associated to Hindu or Buddhist deities and a few with architectural monuments. It also comprises sculptural art of several creatures as; serpent, fish, frog, chameleon, mongoose. These deities, monuments and creatures are found to be a symbolic expression of theme associated with religious belief and faith. In this context, finding out the theme of an art expressed in a water conduit, chief feature of sacred sculptural art of water conduits and symbolic representation of sculptural art of water conduits of Kathmandu valley have been focused as an objective of this research. This qualitative research is based upon historical fact. Thus, the facts are collected from historical monuments through survey, interview, collection of photographs and are analyzed in a descriptive way. Related literary sources have been consulted as a secondary source. From several references, it is to be considered that water conduits of the valley have been basically set up for social and religious utility with installation of several deities according to their faith. Art of each conduit as well as image portrays specific features belong to related historical age. Besides this, each sculptural art depicted on the conduit conveys symbolism of goddess Ganga and several pilgrimages composed within a precise pious abode.

Cross-Cultural Influences in The Satanic Verses

The novel The Satanic Verses focuses on the cross-cultural influences and delves into the complexities of cultural hybridity by exploring the collision and blending of diverse traditions, identities, and belief systems. The narrative follows the intertwined lives of two Indian expatriates, Gibreel Farishta and Saladin Chamcha, who survive a terrorist attack on their flight from Bombay to London. Following the miraculous survival, the characters experience a series of surreal and fantastical transformations, blurring the lines between reality and myth. Rushdie's novel is renowned for its exploration of cultural syncretism, where elements of Eastern and Western cultures converge and coalesce. The characters navigate between different cultural landscapes, grappling with questions of identity, belonging, and the clash of civilizations. The narrative traverses various historical and geographical contexts, including India, Britain, and the Islamic world, highlighting the interconnectedness and fluidity of cultural boundaries. Central to the novel is the concept of hybridity, where characters embody multiple cultural identities and negotiate the complexities of their hybrid existence. Through vivid imagery, intricate storytelling, and linguistic experimentation, Rushdie depicts the rich tapestry of cultural influences shaping the characters' lives and experiences. The novel challenges essentialist notions of cultural purity and celebrates the dynamic interplay between diverse cultural traditions. Furthermore, the text explores the impact of colonialism, migration, and globalization on cultural formations, illustrating how power dynamics shape cultural exchanges and encounters. Rushdie critiques the hegemony of dominant cultural narratives and emphasizes the importance of embracing pluralism and diversity in contemporary societies. Overall, "The Satanic Verses" serves as a provocative and illuminating exploration of cross-cultural influences, offering profound insights into the complexities of cultural identity, hybridity, and the ever-evolving nature of human experience in an increasingly interconnected world.

HISTORICAL EVOLUTION AND INNOVATIVE DESIGN OF QIANG COSTUMES

Рurpose. This paper analyzes the evolution process and cultural connotation of Qiang costume form, discusses the application form of Qiang costume elements in modern clothing design, and provides a theoretical basis for the innovative design of national costumes. Methodology. The field research method, literature analysis method, and case study method are used to analyze the evolution process, cultural connotation, and design application of Qiang costumes. Results. By studying the development process and style design changes of the Qiang costumes, it is concluded that its unique cultural connotation and design characteristics are closely related to the social characteristics, production methods and religious beliefs of the Qiang people. It is the materialized expression of the Qiang people's world outlook and national psychology. It reveals the reasons for the change of the Qiang costume modelling and proposes the method of using ethnic elements in modern costume design. Scientific novelty. This paper studies the development process of Qiang costume shape from the perspective of design, history, ethnology and anthropology, and puts forward that Qiang costume is the materialized expression form of local people 's world outlook, values and aesthetics, and clarifies that the change of Qiang costume shape is influenced by religious culture and Han-Tibetan culture. Suggestions are made in the form of integration of national costume elements with modern clothing design. Practical significance. The Qiang costume has been fused with other ethnic cultures in the course of historical changes, which is both inherited and changed, which is very inspiring to modern costume design. Digging deeper into the cultural connotation and design language of Qiang costume, so that it can innovate the design method and explore the design carrier while inheriting the national culture, so as to provide reference for the creation of a costume design that can embody both the traditional Chinese culture and the sense of the times.